Namaste dosto! Super TET 2026 ki taiyari mein English section ek crucial role play karta hai, aur usmein bhi 'Reported Speech' ya Direct Indirect Speech ek aisa topic hai jahan se har saal questions aate hi aate hain. Main jaanta hoon ki bahut se students ko yeh topic thoda confusing lagta hai, par trust me, agar aap iske basic rules samajh lete hain aur achhe se practice karte hain, toh yeh aapke liye score-booster ban jayega. Aaj hum Unictest par Super TET English Reported Speech ke rules ko detail mein samjhenge aur dher saare practice questions bhi solve karenge.
Maine pichle kayi saalon se dekha hai ki students Direct Speech se Indirect Speech mein convert karte waqt tenses, pronouns aur time/place adverbs mein galti karte hain. Yeh galti isliye hoti hai kyunki unke basic concepts clear nahi hote. Toh chaliye, sabse pehle hum Reported Speech ke fundamental rules ko revise karte hain.
What is Reported Speech? (रिपोर्टेड स्पीच क्या है?)
Simple shabdon mein, Reported Speech ka matlab hai kisi ki kahi hui baat ko apne shabdon mein ya uske original shabdon mein batana. Jab hum kisi ki baat ko uske exact shabdon mein batate hain, toh use 'Direct Speech' kehte hain. Aur jab hum uski baat ko apne shabdon mein thoda badal kar batate hain, toh use 'Indirect Speech' ya 'Reported Speech' kehte hain.
- Direct Speech: He said, "I am happy." (यहां वक्ता के मूल शब्द वैसे के वैसे हैं)
- Indirect Speech: He said that he was happy. (यहां वक्ता के शब्दों को थोड़ा बदलकर बताया गया है)
Expert Tip: Super TET mein mostly aapko Direct Speech se Indirect Speech mein convert karne ya vice-versa karne ke questions milenge. Toh rules ki pakad bahut zaroori hai!
Basic Rules for Converting Direct Speech to Indirect Speech (डायरेक्ट से इनडायरेक्ट स्पीच में बदलने के बुनियादी नियम)
Chaliye, ab un important rules ko dekhte hain jinhe follow karke aap Direct Speech ko Indirect Speech mein badal sakte hain:
1. Reporting Verb (रिपोर्टिंग वर्ब)
- Agar Reporting Verb (said, says, tell) Present ya Future Tense mein ho, toh Reported Speech ke Tense mein koi change nahi hota. Example: He says, "I am ill." -> He says that he is ill.
- Agar Reporting Verb Past Tense mein ho (jaise 'said'), toh Reported Speech ke Tense mein changes hote hain.
- 'Said to' badal jata hai 'told' mein. Example: He said to me, "You are my friend." -> He told me that I was his friend.
2. Conjunction (कंजंक्शन)
- Assertive sentences mein 'that' ka use hota hai.
- Interrogative sentences mein 'if' ya 'whether' (Yes/No questions ke liye) ya 'wh-word' (wh-questions ke liye) use hota hai.
- Imperative sentences mein 'to' ya 'not to' ka use hota hai.
3. Change in Tenses (टेंस में परिवर्तन)
Yeh sabse critical part hai. Agar Reporting Verb Past Tense mein hai, toh Reported Speech ka tense is tarah badalta hai:
- Present Simple -> Past Simple
- Present Continuous -> Past Continuous
- Present Perfect -> Past Perfect
- Present Perfect Continuous -> Past Perfect Continuous
- Past Simple -> Past Perfect
- Past Continuous -> Past Perfect Continuous
- Past Perfect -> No Change
- Past Perfect Continuous -> No Change
- Will/Shall -> Would/Should
- Can -> Could
- May -> Might
- Must -> Had to (ya No Change in some cases)
4. Change in Pronouns (प्रोनाउन में परिवर्तन)
Pronouns 1st, 2nd, aur 3rd person ke hisaab se badalte hain. Iske liye ek simple rule yaad rakhiye: 'SON' rule (Subject, Object, No Change)
- 1st Person (I, We): Changes according to the Subject of the Reporting Verb. (Reporting Verb ke Subject ke anusaar badalta hai)
- 2nd Person (You): Changes according to the Object of the Reporting Verb. (Reporting Verb ke Object ke anusaar badalta hai)
- 3rd Person (He, She, It, They): No Change. (कोई परिवर्तन नहीं)
5. Change in Time and Place Adverbs (समय और स्थान सूचक शब्दों में परिवर्तन)
Kuch words Direct Speech se Indirect Speech mein convert karte waqt badal jaate hain:
- Now -> Then
- Today -> That day
- Tonight -> That night
- Yesterday -> The previous day / The day before
- Tomorrow -> The next day / The following day
- Last night/week/year -> The previous night/week/year
- Next week/month/year -> The following week/month/year
- Here -> There
- This -> That
- These -> Those
- Ago -> Before
Common Mistake Alert: Students often forget to change these time/place adverbs, especially 'now' to 'then' and 'today' to 'that day'. Is par khaas dhyan dena!
Practice Questions for Super TET Reported Speech (अभ्यास प्रश्न) - Set 1
Chaliye ab in rules ko apply karte hue kuch questions solve karte hain. Har question ko dhyan se padhiye aur sahi option choose kijiye. Maine personally dekha hai ki sirf rules padhne se kaam nahi chalta, jab tak aap unhe questions par apply nahi karte, tab tak clarity nahi aati.
Q. 1. He said, "I am writing a letter."
- A) He said that he is writing a letter.
- B) He said that he was writing a letter.
- C) He said that I was writing a letter.
- D) He said that he had written a letter.
Answer: B) He said that he was writing a letter.
Q. 2. She said to me, "You are a good student."
- A) She told me that I am a good student.
- B) She told me that I was a good student.
- C) She said to me that I was a good student.
- D) She told me that you were a good student.
Answer: B) She told me that I was a good student.
Q. 3. My friend said, "I bought a new car yesterday."
- A) My friend said that he bought a new car yesterday.
- B) My friend said that he had bought a new car the day before.
- C) My friend said that he has bought a new car the previous day.
- D) My friend said that he would buy a new car.
Answer: B) My friend said that he had bought a new car the day before.
Q. 4. The teacher said, "The Earth revolves around the Sun."
- A) The teacher said that the Earth revolved around the Sun.
- B) The teacher said that the Earth revolves around the Sun.
- C) The teacher told that the Earth revolves around the Sun.
- D) The teacher said that the Earth had revolved around the Sun.
Answer: B) The teacher said that the Earth revolves around the Sun.
Q. 5. He said, "I will go to Delhi tomorrow."
- A) He said that he will go to Delhi tomorrow.
- B) He said that he would go to Delhi the next day.
- C) He said that he would go to Delhi tomorrow.
- D) He said that he went to Delhi the next day.
Answer: B) He said that he would go to Delhi the next day.
Q. 6. She asked me, "Are you coming to the party?"
- A) She asked me if I am coming to the party.
- B) She asked me if I was coming to the party.
- C) She asked me whether you were coming to the party.
- D) She asked me that if I was coming to the party.
Answer: B) She asked me if I was coming to the party.
Q. 7. The boy said, "Hurrah! We have won the match."
- A) The boy exclaimed with joy that they had won the match.
- B) The boy said that they have won the match.
- C) The boy exclaimed that they won the match.
- D) The boy said hurrah that they had won the match.
Answer: A) The boy exclaimed with joy that they had won the match.
Q. 8. "Please help me," said the old man to the stranger.
- A) The old man requested the stranger to help him.
- B) The old man asked the stranger please help him.
- C) The old man told the stranger to help me.
- D) The old man requested the stranger that he should help him.
Answer: A) The old man requested the stranger to help him.
Q. 9. She said, "I can sing."
- A) She said that she can sing.
- B) She said that she could sing.
- C) She said that I could sing.
- D) She said that she might sing.
Answer: B) She said that she could sing.
Q. 10. The mother said to her son, "Don't play in the sun."
- A) The mother told her son not play in the sun.
- B) The mother advised her son not to play in the sun.
- C) The mother asked her son not to play in the sun.
- D) The mother ordered her son do not play in the sun.
Answer: B) The mother advised her son not to play in the sun.
Q. 11. He said, "What a beautiful day!"
- A) He exclaimed that it was a beautiful day.
- B) He said that it was a very beautiful day.
- C) He exclaimed what a beautiful day it was.
- D) He wondered that it was a beautiful day.
Answer: A) He exclaimed that it was a beautiful day.
Q. 12. She said, "I must go."
- A) She said that she must go.
- B) She said that she had to go.
- C) She said that she would go.
- D) She said that she should go.
Answer: B) She said that she had to go.
Q. 13. Ram said, "I have finished my work."
- A) Ram said that he has finished his work.
- B) Ram said that he had finished his work.
- C) Ram said that I had finished my work.
- D) Ram said that he would finish his work.
Answer: B) Ram said that he had finished his work.
Q. 14. He said, "Where do you live?"
- A) He asked where do I live.
- B) He asked where I live.
- C) He asked where I lived.
- D) He asked where did I live.
Answer: C) He asked where I lived.
Q. 15. The children said, "We are playing cricket now."
- A) The children said that they are playing cricket now.
- B) The children said that they were playing cricket then.
- C) The children said that they had played cricket then.
- D) The children said that we were playing cricket now.
Answer: B) The children said that they were playing cricket then.
Dekha aapne, kaise rules ko apply karte hi answers nikalne lagte hain? Isi tarah Super TET mein bhi aapko confidently questions attempt karne hain. Yaad rakhiye, har topper bhi ek baar beginner tha. Bas consistency rakhiye aur Unictest ke saath jude rahiye!
